Its a matter of abundance and where the government decides that abundance can go. Desal is expensive, but you have all the energy you need to power it flowing out of the ground, the cost is somewhat defrayed.
The Gulf states chose to hoard the wealth at the top and build major hubs without reliable public transit. Which is reflective of a policy decision. Its also a matter of what refineries are where and what grade of oil they will process.
That is a policy decision. In places like Saudi Arabia, gas is cheaper than water.
Norway, correctly, invested more into public transit and EVs, and high gas prices encourage that.
Because it’s a fucking desert surrounded by salt water. Desalination is expensive.
Its a matter of abundance and where the government decides that abundance can go. Desal is expensive, but you have all the energy you need to power it flowing out of the ground, the cost is somewhat defrayed.
The Gulf states chose to hoard the wealth at the top and build major hubs without reliable public transit. Which is reflective of a policy decision. Its also a matter of what refineries are where and what grade of oil they will process.